Competitive Exams

How do you solve time, speed, and distance questions in aptitude tests?

Short answer

The core relationship is Distance = Speed × Time — every variation of these questions is just this formula rearranged or applied to a relative-motion scenario like two objects moving toward or away from each other.

Once the base formula is second nature, most variations become a matter of correctly identifying what's being asked and rearranging accordingly: Speed = Distance ÷ Time, or Time = Distance ÷ Speed.

A worked example

Question: A car travels 180 km in 3 hours. What is its speed?

Solution: Speed = Distance ÷ Time = 180 ÷ 3 = 60 km/h.

Relative speed: objects moving toward each other

Question: Two trains, 300 km apart, move toward each other at 60 km/h and 40 km/h. When do they meet?

Solution: When moving toward each other, speeds add together: combined speed = 60 + 40 = 100 km/h. Time to meet = Distance ÷ combined speed = 300 ÷ 100 = 3 hours.

Relative speed: objects moving in the same direction

When two objects move in the same direction, their relative speed is the difference between their speeds instead of the sum — this is how "one train catching up to another" questions are solved.

Last reviewed: September 2026